Gramática Hebraica (Bíblica e Moderna)

Gramática Hebraica (Bíblica e Moderna)

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The Hebrew Object Marker and Semantic Type (Gabi Danon)

The Hebrew Object Marker and Semantic Type (Gabi Danon): It is well-known that the object marker in Hebrew, et, is used only in front of definite objects. In this paper I show that even though the distribution of et is governed by a formal notion of definiteness which is determined by syntactic factors, et itself is not semantically vacuous. I discuss the phenomenon of ”definiteness spreading” in construct state nominals and show that this is not spreading of semantic definiteness. Use of et in front of a CSN, however, blocks an indefinite reading which would have been available otherwise. Other semantic effects of et involve distributive readings of conjunctions and the interpretation of wh- words and pseudoclefts. I propose that all these semantic effects can be derived from the assumption that et acts as a type shifting operator.

Hebraico, aramaico e línguas semíticas: Material para pesquisa e download

Downloadable Resources

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Dica enviada pelo Ezio Azevedo Filho (Bacharelando em Letras Português-Hebraico – FL/UFRJ)

Hebrew Tools

Grammars:

• Ball, C. A Hebrew Primer. London: Bagster, 1878. (pdf)
• Ballin, A. A Hebrew Grammar with Exercises Selected from the Bible. London: Kegan Paul, 1881. (pdf)
• Bickell, G. Outlines of Hebrew Grammar. Leipzig: Brockhaus, 1877. (pdf)
• Canney, M. Materials for Hebrew Composition. Manchester: Sherratt and Hughes, 1913. (pdf)
• Coffey, H. Accidence of Hebrew Grammar. London: Herder, 1918. (pdf)
• Davidson, A. Introductory Hebrew Grammar: Hebrew Syntax. Edinburgh: Clark, 1896. (pdf)
• Davidson, A. Introductory Hebrew Grammar: Hebrew Syntax. Third Edition.
• De Burgh, W. A Compendium of Hebrew Grammar. Dublin: McGlashan, 1847. (pdf)
• Deutsch, S. A New Practical Hebrew Grammar. New York: Leypoldt and Holt, 1868. (pdf)
• Edinburgh: Clark, 1902. (pdf)
• Ewald, H. Syntax of the Hebrew Language of the Old Testament. London: Whittaker, 1836. (pdf)
• Ewald, H. Ewald’s Introductory Hebrew Grammar. Trans by Smith, F. from 3rd German ed. London: Asher, 1870. (pdf)
• Ewald, H. Syntax of the Hebrew Language of the Old Testament. Edinburgh: Clark, 1891. (pdf)
• Geden, A. Outlines of Introduction to the Hebrew Bible. Edinburgh: Clark, 1909. (pdf)
• Gesenius, W. Ausführliches grammatisch-kritisches Lehrgebäude der hebräischen Sprache. Leipzig: Vogel, 1817. (pdf)
• Gesenius, W. Gesenius’ Hebrew Grammar. Trans. by Conant, T. from 11th ed. Boston: Gould, Kendall, and Lincoln, 1845. (pdf)
• Gesenius, W. Gesenius’ Hebrew Grammar. Trans by Rödiger, E. London: Bagster, 1850. (pdf)
• Gesenius, W. Hebrew Grammar. Trans. by Conant, T. from 17th ed. New York: Appleton, 1859. (pdf)
• Gräfenhan, E. An Introduction to Writing Hebrew. Oxford: Talbeys, 1836. (pdf)
• Green, W. A Grammar of the Hebrew Language. New York: Wiley, 1871. (pdf)
• Green, W. An Elementary Hebrew Grammar. New York: Wiley, 1882. (pdf)
• Hackett, H. Exercises in Hebrew Grammar. Andover: Allen, Morrill, and Wardwell, 1847. (pdf)
• Harper, W. Elements of Hebrew by an Inductive Method. 7th ed. Chicago: American Publication Society of Hebrew, 1886. (pdf)
• Harper, W. Introductory Hebrew Method and Manual. New York: Scribner, 1896. (pdf)
• Hurwitz, H. A Grammar of the Hebrew Language. 2nd ed. London: Taylor, 1835. (pdf)
• Hurwitz, H. A Grammar of the Hebrew Language. 3rd ed. London: Taylor and Walton, 1891. (pdf)
• Kautzsch, E. Gesenius’ Hebrew Grammar. Trans. and rev. by Cowley, A. from 26th ed. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1898. (pdf)
• Kautzsch, E. Wilhelm Gesenius’ Hebräische Grammatik. Trans by Cowley, A. Leipzig: Vogel, 1909. (pdf)
• Kautzsch, E. Gesenius’ Hebrew Grammar. Trans by Cowley, A. Oxford: Clarendon, 1910. (pdf)
• Kennedy, J. Introduction to Biblical Hebrew. London: Williams and Norgate, 1889. (pdf)
• Land, J. The Principles of Hebrew Grammar. Trans by Poole, R. London: Trübner, 1876. (pdf)
• McCaul, A. Introduction to Hebrew Grammar for the Use of Beginners. London: Parker, 1847. (pdf)
• Meyrowitz, A. Hebrew Grammar. New York: University of Missouri, 1877 (pdf)
• Müller, F. Outlines of Hebrew Syntax. Trans and ed. By Robertson, J. Glasgow: Maclehose, 1883. (pdf)
• Nordheimer, I. Critical Grammar of the Hebrew Language. Vol. 1. New York: Wiley and Putnam, 1842. (pdf)
• Nordheimer, I. Critical Grammar of the Hebrew Language. Vol. 2. New York: Wiley and Putnam, 1841. (pdf)
• Price, E. The Elements of Hebrew. Philadelphia: Academy Book Room, 1922. (pdf)
• Sebag, S. The Hebrew Primer and Reading Book. London: 1871. (pdf)
• Seixas, J. A Manual Hebrew Grammar for the Use of Beginners. Andover: Gould and Newman, 1834. (pdf)
• Stuart, M. A Grammar of the Hebrew Language. 3rd ed. Andover: Codman, 1828. (pdf)
• Stuart, M. A Grammar of the Hebrew Language. 4th ed. Oxford: Talboys, 1831. (pdf)
• Wijnkoop, J. Manual of Hebrew Grammar. Trans by van den Biesen, C. London: Luzac, 1897. (pdf)
• Wijnkoop, J. Manual of Hebrew Grammar. Trans by van den Biesen, C. Revised. London: Luzac, 1898. (pdf)
• Wilson, R. A Hebrew Grammar for Beginners. Leipzig: Drugulin, 1908. (pdf)

Lexica:

• Bresslau, M. Hebrew and English Dictionary. London: Weale, 1855. (pdf)
• Brown, F. et al. A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament. Oxford: Clarendon, 1906. (pdf)
• Davidson, Benjamin – The Analytical Hebrew and Chaldee Lexicon (pdf)
• Davies, Benjamin – A Compendious and Complete Hebrew and Chaldee Lexicon (pdf)
• Frey, J. A Hebrew and English Dictionary. London: Tegg, 1842. (pdf)
• Gesenius, W. Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament. Trans by Gibbs, J. Andover: Flagg and Gould, 1824. (pdf)
• Gesenius, W. A Hebrew and English Lexicon to the Old Testament. Trans by Gibbs, J. London: Howell and Stewart, 1827. (pdf)
• Gesenius, W. Gesenius’s Hebrew and Chaldee Lexicon to the Old Testament Scriptures. Trans by Tregelles, S. London: Bagster, 1857. (pdf)
• Gesenius, W. A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament. Trans by Robinson, E. 18th ed. Boston: Crocker and Brewster, 1865. (pdf)
• Gesenius, W. An English-Hebrew Lexicon. Trans by Robinson, E. New York: Hurd and Houghton, 1877. (pdf)
• Gibbs, J. A Manuel Hebrew and English Lexicon. New Haven: Howe, 1832. (pdf)
• Josephs, M. An English and Hebrew Lexicon. London: Wertheim, 1834. (pdf)
• Lee, S. A Lexicon, Hebrew, Chaldee, and English. London: Duncan and Malcom, 1840. (pdf)
• Newman, S. An English and Hebrew Lexicon. London, 1832. (pdf)
• Parkhurst, John – Hebrew Lexicon and Grammar (pdf)
• Rainey, W. Hebrew Vocabularies: Lists of the Most Frequently Occurring Hebrew Words. 4th ed. New York: Scribners, 1898. (pdf)
• Robertson, W. Robertson’s Compendious Hebrew Dictionary. Rev by Joseph, N. Bath: Cruttwell, 1814. (pdf)
• Waldstein, A. English-Hebrew Dictionary. 2nd ed. Jerusalem: Mizpah. (pdf)

Studies in Semitic Philology:

• The Weak and Geminative Verbs in Hebrew. Trans by Jastrow, M. Leide: Brill, 1897. (pdf)
• Brown, F. et al. Old Testament and Semitic Studies in Memory of William R. Harper. Vol. 1. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1908. (pdf)
• Brown, F. et al. Old Testament and Semitic Studies in Memory of William R. Harper. Vol. 2. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1908. (pdf)
• Brown, F. Assyriology: Its Use and Abuse in Old Testament Study. New York: Scribner, 1885. (pdf)
• Burgess, W. Notes, Chiefly Critical and Philological, on the Hebrew Psalms. London: Williams and Norgate, 1879. (pdf)
• Dalman, G. The Words of Jesus: Considered in the Light of Post-Biblical Jewish Writings and the Aramaic Language. Edinburgh: Clark, 1902. (pdf)
• Davidson, A. Outlines of Hebrew Accentuation: Prose and Poetical. London: Williams and Norgate, 1861. (pdf)
• Delitzsch, F. The Hebrew Language Viewed in the Light of Assyrian Research. London: Williams and Norgate, 1883. (pdf)
• Driver, S.R. A Treatise on the Use of the Tenses in Hebrew. Oxford: Clarendon, 1874. (pdf)
• Ember, A. The Pluralis Intensivus in Hebrew. Dissertation. Baltimore: Furst, 1905. (pdf)
• Gaenssle, C. The Hebrew Particle asher. Dissertation. Chicago: University of Chicago, 1915. (pdf)
• Geden, A. The Massoretic Notes Contained in the Edition of the Hebrew Scriptures. London: British and Foreign Bible Society, 1905. (pdf)
• Gray, G. Studies in Hebrew Proper Names. London: Black, 1896. (pdf)
• Greswell, J. Grammatical Analysis of the Hebrew Psalter. Oxford: Parker, 1873. (pdf)
• Kennicott, B. Critica Sacra; or, A Short Introduction to Hebrew Criticism. London: Bowyer and Nichols, 1774. (pdf)
• Kennicott, B. A Method of Reading Hebrew. 1780. (pdf)
• Kennedy, J. Studies in Hebrew Synonyms. London: Williams and Norgate, 1898. (pdf)
• Margoliouth, G. Hebrew-Babylonian Affinities. Lond: Nutt, 1899. (pdf)
• Powell, H. The Supposed Hebraisms in the Grammar of the Biblical Aramaic. Semitic Philology 1 (1907) 1-55. (pdf)
• Stevenson, J. Assyrian and Babylonian Contracts: with Aramaic Reference Notes. New York: American Book Company, 1902. (pdf)
• Walker, D. The Semitic Negative. Dissertation. Chicago: University of Chicago, 1895. (pdf)
• West, J. Linguistic Dating of the Hebrew Bible. Opensource. (pdf)

Aramaic Tools

Texts:

• Delaporte, L. Épigraphes Araméens: etude des textes Araméens graves ou écrits sur des tablettes cuneiforms. Paris: Geuthner, 1912. (pdf)
• Hoonacker, A. Une Communauté Judéo-Araméenne à Éléphantine, en Égypte, aux Vie et Ve siècles av. J.-C. Schweich Lectures of 1914. London: Oxford University, 1915. (pdf)
• Montgomery, J. Aramaic Incantation Texts from Nippur. The Museum Publications of the Babylonian Section, vol. 3. Philadelphia: University Museum, 1913. (pdf)
• Ungnad, A. Aramäische Papyrus aus Elephantine. Leipzig: Hinrichs, 1911. (pdf)

Translations:

• Cowley, A. Jewish Documents of the Time of Ezra. London; Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge, 1919. (pdf)

Grammars:

• Fischer, B. Winer’s Chaldäische Grammatik für Bibel und Targumin. Leipzig: Barth, 1882. (pdf)
• Levias, C. A Grammar of the Aramaic Idiom Contained in the Babylonian Talmud. Cincinnati: Bloch, 1896. (pdf)
• Luzzatto, S. Grammatik der biblisch-chaldäischen Sprache und des Idioms des Talmud Babli. Breslau: Schletter, 1873. (pdf)
• Luzzatto, S. Grammar of the Biblical Chaldaic Language and the Talmud Babli. Idioms. Trans by Goldammer, J. New York: Wiley, 1876. (pdf)
• Margolis, M. A Manuel of the Aramaic Language of the Babylonian Talmud. München: Beck, 1910. (pdf)
• Riggs, E. A Manuel of the Chaldee Language. Boston: Perkins and Marvin, 1832. (pdf)
• Winer, G. Grammar of the Chaldee Language. Trans by Hackett, H. Andover: Allen, Morrill, and Wardwell, 1845. (pdf)

Lexica:

• Cook, S. A Glossary of the Aramaic Inscriptions. Cambridge: Clay, 1898. (pdf)
• Cowley, A. Aramaic Papyri of the Fifth Century B.C. Oxford: Clarendon, 1923. (pdf)

Northwest Semitic Tools

Texts:

• Cooke, G. A Text-Book of North-Semitic Inscriptions: Moabite, Hebrew, Phoenician, Aramaic, Nabataean, Palmyrene, Jewish. Oxford: Clarendon, 1903. (pdf)
• Sharpe, S. Hebrew Inscriptions. London: Smith, 1875. (pdf)

Grammars:

• Nicholl, G. A Grammar of the Samaritan Language. London: Bagster, 1858. (pdf)
• Segal, M. Mishnaic Hebrew and its Relation to Biblical Hebrew and to Aramaic. Oxford: Hart, 1909. (pdf)

Lexica:

• Smith, P. Thesaurus Syriacus. Vol. 1. 1879. (pdf)
• Smith, P. Thesaurus Syriacus. Vol. 2. 1879. (pdf)